hape 體格健壯;處於良好狀態

例句 Approximately 3 billion years ago; flooding shaped the outflow channels; about the same times; the northern volcanic plains formed。 將近30億年前,洪水的衝擊形成了洩水渠,而北部的火山平原也大約在同一時期形成。

shelf[ ?elf]n。 架子;擱板

搭配 on the shelf 被擱置;continental shelf 大陸架;goods shelf 貨架

例句 Now; research indicates that parts of the inner continental shelf which remained covered with ice were colonized by a variety of early human groups。 如今,研究表明,一部分仍然被冰覆蓋的內陸大陸架曾經被各種早期人類群體所佔有。

shoot[ ?u:t]v。 發射;拍攝;發芽 n。 嫩芽;射擊

搭配 short shoot 短莖

例句 Perhaps the most important environmental factor is temperature; because if the growing season is too short and temperatures are too low; tree shoots and buds cannot mature sufficiently to survive the winter months。 最重要的環境因素或許是溫度,因為如果樹的嫩枝和嫩芽的生長期太短,而氣溫又太低的話,它們就無法發育完全並活過冬季的幾個月。

要點 shoot作為“射擊”的含義很常見,但在託福閱讀中,常考查的是“芽”這個含義。

shrub[ ?r?b]n。 灌木(叢)

搭配 shrub zone 灌木帶

例句 Within just a few meters; trees were replaced by low shrubs; herbs; and grasses。 僅僅是在幾米之間,樹木就被低矮的灌木、草本植物和草所替代了。

silt[silt]n。 淤泥 v。 使淤塞

例句 For centuries; the annual floods of the Nile; Tigris; and Euphrates have brought silts and a great volume of water to the inhabitants of the lower valleys。 幾個世紀以來,尼羅河、底格里斯河和幼發拉底河每年最大的洪流給附近低地的居民帶來了泥沙和大量的水。

同義 sullage(n。 淤泥)

slope[sloup]n。 斜坡;傾斜 v。(使)傾斜

搭配 fan…shaped slope 扇形的斜坡

例句 The transition from forest to treeless tundra on the mountain slope is quite dramatic。