話的特定意圖,而詞彙題則考查某個詞語或短語的具體意思。通常考查的內容都會對文章理解起到至關重要的作用。

指代類問題考查某個代詞指代的物件,句子簡化題則要求考生選出與原文中某個句子含義相同的答案。這兩道題目都比較簡單。

插入文字題則會提供一個新的句子,考生需要將它插入到文章中合適的位置,這道題可以檢驗考生的邏輯性。

4。 理解文章概要類問題

理解文章概要類問題屬於託福閱讀考試中的新題型,包含總結題(Prose Summary)和圖表題(Fill in a Table),這兩道題的難度比較大,考查考生理解一篇文章的寫作意圖以及整理文章框架、理清文章層次的能力。

其中,總結題需要考生根據文中出現的內容推斷答案,這道題目會提供6個選項,考生要選出最能概括文章內容的3項。在做這道題目時,考生要具備理解及總結重要資訊的能力。要注意,不要選擇那些僅陳述文章某一細節的選項,因為這些細節的作用通常只是支援觀點的論據。正確的選項應該是概括性的陳述。請看下面的例子:

Urban Climates

The city is an extraordinary processor of mass and energy and has its own metabolism。 A daily input of water; food; and energy of various kinds is matched by an output of sewage; solid waste; air pollutants; energy; and materials that have been transformed in some way。 The quantities involved are enormous。 Many aspects of this energy use affect the atmosphere of a city; particularly in the production of heat。

In winter the heat produced by a city can equal or surpass the amount of heat available from the Sun。 All the heat that warms a building eventually transfers to the surrounding air; a process that is quickest where houses are poorly insulated。 But an automobile produces enough heat to warm an average house in winter; and if a house were perfectly insulated; one adult could also produce more than enough heat to warm it。 Therefore; even without any industrial production of heat; an urban area tends to be warmer than the countryside that surrounds it。

The burning of fuel; such