。 Maintenance for a given body design of an organism is relatively constant。 Storage is important; but ultimately that energy will be used for maintenance; reproduction; or growth。 Therefore the principal differences in energy allocation are likely to be between growth and reproduction。

前兩段介紹不同植物在能量分配方面都存在著差異。從第二段最後一句可以看到:由於所有的植物都要維持生命,所以在生長和繁殖兩方面分配能量的差別可以用於區分植物。這為下文做了鋪墊,引出將植物進行對比的分類依據。

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Almost all of an organism’s energy can be diverted to reproduction; with very little allocated to building the body。 Organisms at this extreme are“opportunists。”At the other extreme are“petitors;”almost all of whose resources are invested in building a huge body; with a bare minimum allocated to reproduction。

作者在本段介紹了將植物分成opportunist和petitor的依據——將大部分能量用於繁殖的植物是“投機者”,而將大部分能量用於生長的則是“競爭者”。而在接下來的段落中,將會對比兩種植物的不同。

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Dandelions are good examples of opportunists。 Their seedheads raised just high enough above the ground to catch the wind; the plants are no bigger than they need be; their stems are hollow; and all the rigidity es from their water content。 Thus; a minimum investment has been made in the body that bees a platform for seed dispersal。 These very short…lived plants reproduce prolifically; that is to say they provide a constant rain of seed in the neighborhood of parent plants。 A new plant will spring up wherever a seed falls on a suitable soil surface; but because they do not build big bodies; they cannot pete with other plants