for space; water; or sunlight。 These plants are termed opportunists because they rely on their seeds’ falling into settings where peting plants have been removed by natural processes; such as along an eroding riverbank; on landslips; or where a tree falls and creates a gap in the forest canopy。

Opportunists must constantly invade new areas to pensate for being displaced by more petitive species。 Human landscapes of lawns; fields; or flowerbeds provide settings with bare soil and a lack of petitors that are perfect habitats for colonization by opportunists。 Hence; many of the strongly opportunistic plants are the mon weeds of fields and gardens。

Because each individual is short…lived; the population of an opportunist species is likely to be adversely affected by drought; bad winters; or floods。 If their population is tracked through time; it will be seen to be particularly unstable — soaring and plummeting in irregular cycles。

文章的3~5段以蒲公英為例介紹了植物中的opportunist,以及這類植物的生長、繁殖、維持生命的特點。

文中畫線部分即這類植物的特點:

1。 擁有較小的體態、生存時間很短,以便節省能量以供繁殖,並且不斷以種子的形態進入新的生長地點;

2。 由於生存時間較短,因此自然災害會對它們造成嚴重影響,導致其種群數量的變化極不穩定。

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The opposite of an opportunist is a petitor。 These organisms tend to have big bodies; are long…lived; and spend relatively little effort each year on reproduction。 An oak tree is a good example of a petitor。 A massive oak claims its ground for 200 years or more; outpeting all other would…be canopy trees by casting a dense sha